Who this is for
Sole-trader electricians: domestic, industrial, or subcontracting. Also sparks who hold scheme memberships in their own name and invoice clients directly.
Employed maintenance electricians on PAYE are not this page. If you moonlight domestics at weekends, those jobs can still be a self-employment once they pass £1,000.
What is the same for every sole trader
If you work for yourself you register with HMRC, keep a record of what came in and what you spent to earn it, and file a Self Assessment return. Tax is on profit, not turnover. The 2026/27 personal allowance is £12,570. Class 4 National Insurance is 6% between £12,570 and £50,270, then 2% above that. The online filing and payment deadline for the 2025/26 return is 31 January 2027.
What is different if you are a electrician
CIS works the same as for plumbers: deduction towards your tax, not a cost of sales. Keep the monthly statements.
What is different is the kit and the badges. A calibrated tester is equipment. NICEIC, NAPIT or equivalent membership, if you need it to trade, is a professional cost. Failed calibration you have to redo is still a business cost. A course to keep your 18th edition current is training in this trade.
Part P / building control fees you pay and recharge should appear as turnover when billed and as expenses when paid, or net consistently. Do not lose them in a drawer because “the customer paid the council”. If it went through your books, put it through your books.
Worked example
An electrician invoices £58,000. Materials £6,200. Van mileage 8,000 miles at 55p = £4,400. Test kit and calibration £1,900. Scheme membership £650. Insurance £980. Phone and software £370. PPE £200. Accountant £500. Other job costs £1,600. Total expenses £16,800.
| Typical year | Amount |
|---|---|
| Turnover | £58,000 |
| Materials | £6,200 |
| Van mileage | £4,400 |
| Test kit and calibration | £1,900 |
| Other job costs | £1,600 |
| Insurance | £980 |
| Scheme membership | £650 |
| Accountant | £500 |
| Phone and software | £370 |
| PPE | £200 |
| Total expenses | £16,800 |
| Taxable profit | £41,200 |
| Income Tax | £5,726 |
| Class 4 NI | £1,717.80 |
| Estimated bill | £7,443.80 |
Figures use 2026/27 England, Wales and Northern Ireland rates, full personal allowance, no other income. Scotland uses different bands. Run the calculator with your own numbers.
Mix of domestic and CIS, England. CIS deducted not included in expenses.
Making Tax Digital
Gross labour plus materials on invoices is the MTD number. A subcontract spark on CIS can be in MTD while taking home far less than £50,000. Check qualifying income, not drawings.
See does Making Tax Digital apply to me? and the sole trader MTD guide.
Next steps
- What electricians can claim as expenses
- How Self Assessment works for electricians
- Printable expense checklist
- Deadline calendar
- How much tax to set aside
Related trades
- Plumber tax: CIS, van, materials, and why the site paying you does not mean they did your tax.
- Freelancer tax: Invoices, platform fees, home office, and MTD if your gross income is already over the line.
- Photographer tax: Bodies and glass, second shooters, travel to jobs, and editing software.